巴基斯坦高等学校设置制度:缘起、程序及标准

Policy of Establishing Higher Education Institution in Pakistan: Origin, Procedure and Criterion

在巴基斯坦现行高等教育行政管理机构及组织体系下,巴基斯坦高等学校设置制度的构建缘起、设置程序及标准具有一定的特色。研究发现,巴基斯坦高等学校设置程序围绕申请、审核、考察、赋权等四个环节进行,具备系统的设置标准,涵盖师资队伍建设、设备场地规范、经费使用、管理若干方面。巴基斯坦高等学校设置制度较为完备,符合本国国情,利益主体均衡,标准刚柔相济,但也存在重硬件、轻科研,未能为高等教育国际化纵深发展预留对接平台,以及"一刀切"色彩过重等问题。

Based on analyzing administrative bodies and organizational system, this paper is an attempt to analyze the origin, procedures and standard criterion of the policy for establishing new higher education institutions in Pakistan. The research finds out that the process involves application; verification, inspection and approval of charter from the government. Prior to establish a new institute, a number of parameters are required such as qualified teaching staff, sufficient facilities and space, financing, management and so on. The study believes that the establishment system is relatively comprehensive and adapted to the circumstances of Pakistan with the aim to keep a balance among different stakeholders. However, the policy also tends to emphasize the infrastructure and facilities while overlooking the scientific research and key aspects of internationalization, which misleads the homogeneous development mode of higher education at all levels.