需求驱动与系统支持:瑞典国际发展合作署与达累斯萨拉姆大学的科研合作

Demand Driven and System Approach:A Case Study of the Research Cooperation between Sida and UDSM

瑞典是较早开展对非科研合作的国家,其援助方式颇具特色。瑞典国际发展合作署是对非科研合作项目的实施机构,它在同坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆大学的科研合作中,积极响应该大学的实际需求,从科研环境、科研人才培训、科研管理三个方面出发,为达累斯萨拉姆大学建立了一个系统的科研支持体系。这种对非科研合作的方式极大地改善了达累斯萨拉姆大学的科研设施、增加了学术人员和科研成果的数量。但随着瑞典逐渐倾向于在坦桑尼亚本土培养学术人员,该合作项目的质量面临严峻的挑战。虽然国际社会包括瑞典仍会继续提供支持,但最终坦桑尼亚科研体系的建构与完善,要靠其自己创造一个有利于科研的文化、公共政策和资源配置系统。

Sweden has rich experience in cooperating with African universities. In this paper an attempt is made to analyze the characteristics of research cooperation between Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency （Sida） and University of Dares Salaam in Tanzania. Sida has responded positively to the actual needs of UDSM, and has set up a Support System for the research development of UDSM in terms of research environment, research personnel training and research management. This cooperation has greatly improved the research facilities of the University of Dares Salaam, and also increased its number of academic staff and research outputs. However, quality has become a concern when Sweden is shifting focus from the sandwich training to in-house training. The continuing support from international community including Sweden, is quite important to Tanzania. But the improvement of Tanzania＇s research system mainly depends on this country＇ s own effort.