温水浸种对蒙古黄芪种子萌发特性的影响

Effect of warm water treatment on seed germination characteristics of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus

研究温水浸种破除蒙古黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao)种子休眠的适宜条件,采用恒温和变温2种浸种方式,测定蒙古黄芪种子在不同时间、不同温度梯度条件下的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数。结果表明,温水浸种破除蒙古黄芪种子休眠的效果显著,变温浸种效果略优于恒温浸种。不同温度破除休眠效果排序依次为60℃>70℃>80℃,其中60℃变温浸种2 min和5 min的发芽率分别为对照的2.87倍和2.31倍。浸种时间、浸种温度均可显著影响蒙古黄芪种子萌发,与对照相比,随着浸种时间增加,发芽率总体呈现出先急速升高后逐渐降低的趋势;发芽指数与浸种温度极显著正相关;浸种温度与发芽势和发芽指数均显著正相关。本研究结果表明温水浸种可以提高种子发芽率,保持种子活力。

The seeds of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus were treated at constant and variable temperatures for different durations. The seed germination rate, germination potential, and germination index were determined, and the optimal warm water method to break seed dormancy was explored. Results showed that （1） seed dormancy was counteracted by soaking seeds with warm water, with variable temperatures better than constant temperatures. （2） The order of treatment was 60~C 〉 70~C 〉 80~C, and the germination rates were 2.87 and 2.31 times that of the control at 60~C for 2 min and 5 min, respectively （P 〈 0.01 ）. （3） Treatment duration and soaking temperatures significantly affected seed germination. Compared with the control, the germination rate increased with soaking time at first, but decreased afterwards. There was a significant positive correlation between germination index and soaking temperature （P 〈 0.01 ）, with a correlation coefficient of -0.226, as well as between soaking temperature and germination potential and germination index, indicating that soaking seeds in warm water improved germination without damaging seed viability.