地方政府“两手”供地策略促进产业结构升级了吗——基于105个城市面板数据的实证分析

Dose Local Governments“Two-way”Land Supply Strategy Help Urban Industrial Structure Upgrade:An Empirical Study Based on Panel Data of 105 Cities in China

本文基于105市2009-2013年面板数据的实证分析发现,商业/住宅地价与工业地价的差距越大,城市工业产出的增长速度越快。其原因在于,我国地方政府在以土地为政策工具推动本地发展的过程中普遍采取"两手"供地策略,即一方面通过压低工业地价尽可能多地吸引工业企业入驻当地,实现经济增长目标;另一方面,工业部门的扩张带来城市商业活动及人口规模的增加,对商住用地的需求随之上升,此时,政府抬高商住用地价格以实现土地财政收入最大化。本文还发现,两手供地策略对城市工业部门的正向效应在高行政级别城市中更为明显;这种策略的存在可能导致基于市场力量驱动的城市产业结构升级过程受阻。

By employing the panel data of 105 cities 2009？ 2013, this paper conducted an empirical research on the effect of local government＇s land supply strategy on urban industry structure and we found that the higher the ratio of commercial/housing land price to industrial land price was the faster the industry grows in city. We explained this phenomenon as ＂two-way＂ land supply strategy, which was used by local governments to promote local development. On one hand, they decreased industrial land price to attract more industrial firms~ on the other hand, due to the industrial agglomeration effect, the demand for commercial and housing land grows up, and then local government increased these kinds of land prices to maximize their land revenue. We also found that ＂two-way＂ land supply strategy was much more obvious in higher administration level cities. We argued that this strategy may hamper the market- driven transformation of urban industrial structure.