推拉理论视角下的农村宅基地退出机制研究--基于南京市栖霞区农户意愿调查

STUDY ON EXIT MECHANISM OF RURAL HOUSING LAND UNDER THE PERSPECTIVE OF PUSH-PULL THEORY——BASED ON THE INVESTIGATION OF FARMERS' WILLINGNESS IN QIXIA DISTRICT

以推拉理论为视角,分别从农村宅基地作为资源和资产属性以及拥有农村宅基地使用权的农民迁移到城市这两个角度,重新梳理影响农户宅基地退出意愿的因素,建立了农村宅基地退出影响因素的推拉分析框架。在理论分析的基础上,利用在南京市栖霞区农村实地调查得到的数据,建立二元Logistic模型归纳主要影响农户退出意愿的推力和拉力因素。研究发现,受教育水平、农户年总收入、家庭居住人口数和农户是否参加农村养老保险是宅基地退出的主要推动因素;而非农业收入占比、外出务工人口数、是否参加城镇养老保险、是否拥有城镇住所、是否有宅基地产权证书以及宅基地抵押权认知情况是影响宅基地退出的主要拉力因素。基于以上的影响因素分析,提出完善农村宅基地退出机制的政策建议。

From the perspective of the push-pull theory, in this paper we analyzed the push and pull factors of rural homestead＇s exit, from the two angels of rural homestead as resource and asset attributes as well as farmers owning the use right of rural homestead migrating to the city. Based on the above framework of theoretical analysis and the rural survey data obtained by questionnaire in the Qixia District, Nanjing, we included the main push and pull factors that influence the willingness of rural homestead＇s exit through building a binary Logistic model. We found that education level, total annual income of farmers, number of people living in the household and whether participating in the rural endowment insurance are the main push factors of homestead＇s exit; while ratio of non-agricultural income, number of migrant workers, whether participating in urban endowment insurance, whether having urban dwellings, whether having homestead＇s property certificate and perception of homestead＇s mortgage rights are the main pull factors of homestead＇s exit. Based on the theoretical and practical research, we put forward policy suggestion for improving exit mechanism of homestead.