面子联盟与多方交际中面子行为的转化

Transformation of Face Acts in Multi-Party Communication

传统的礼貌研究大多以两方交际为理论预设,采用语篇研究法的"后现代"礼貌研究者虽然注重分析真实、自然的话语交际,但也没有充分考虑其他在场者对面子维护和威胁行为的影响。本文基于汉语多方会话语料的分析发现,在多方交际中"自我"的界限可以得到延伸,从而形成共享面子得失的面子联盟,联盟成员之间的面子威胁可能会因为"贬己尊人"准则转化为对其他交际者面子的维护,即面子行为的转化。

Traditional politeness studies generally presuppose a dyadic model of communication, without taking into considera-tion the presence of other participants. The ＂post-modem＂ politeness researchers inherit this theoretical premise to a great ex-tent, although they advocate the analysis of naturally occurring conversations. The analysis of a multi-party conversation withdiscursive approaches shows that in a multi-party communication, the concept self can be extended to cover other participants,resulting in a face coalition in which the members share gains and losses in face. In this case, face threats within the coalitioncan be interpreted as denigrating the self and therefore transformed into face enhancements to the non-coalition members.