普通话特殊型语言障碍儿童关系从句产出研究

The production of relative clauses by Mandarin preschool children with specific language impairment

本文研究了平均年龄为5岁的汉语特殊型语言障碍儿童(简称SLI儿童)关系从句的产出状况。结果表明:与主语关系从句相比,汉语SLI儿童宾语关系从句的产出存在的困难更大;与正常儿童相比,SLI儿童关系从句的产出能力存在缺陷。SLI儿童在无法产出目标结构时,往往采用句子片段和陈述句作为回避策略。根据功能语类缺陷假说,文章认为汉语SLI儿童有关标句词的句法知识存在缺损。由于句法知识缺损,SLI儿童对关系从句中心语的边缘特征(EF)不敏感,由此造成的相对近距效应是其产出宾语关系从句更加困难的原因。

This paper studies the production of subject and object relative clauses(SRCs,ORCs)by Chinese children with Specific Language Impairment(SLI)and their typically developing(TD)peers.12 SLI children and 24 TD children participated in an elicitation task.The results revealed an SRCs over ORCs advantage in production by SLI children.The results also suggested that the production of RCs by SLI children is severely impaired and declarative sentences and sentence fragments are the main avoidance strategies adopted by SLI children.According to Functional Category Deficit Hypothesis,we assume that there is a deficiency with the grammatical knowledge concerning the functional category Complementizer.SLI children’s grammar cannot specify the edge feature(EF)of the moved element,which may give rise to RM effects,and in turn causes the SRCs over ORCs advantage in production.