语义透明度、语境强度及词汇复现频率对汉语二语词汇习得的影响

Chinese L2 vocabulary learning:The influence of semantic transparency, contextual richness and number of encounters

本文考察语义透明度、语境强度及词语复现频率对汉语二语学习者词汇学习的影响。实验结果表明,以上三个因素均显著影响汉语二语词汇学习成绩。进一步分析表明,在强语境下,语义透明度对词语学习成绩的影响并不显著,而在弱语境下,语义透明度高的词语学习成绩显著高于语义透明度低的词语。在低复现率条件下,语义透明度高的词语学习成绩显著高于语义透明度低的词语,而在高复现率条件下,语义透明度高和语义透明度低的词语学习成绩则没有显著差异。实验结果表明,增加语境强度和词语复现率能有效抑制汉语二语者语素猜词策略的泛化,对提高汉语二语词汇学习与教学质量具有积极作用。

The current study intends to explore how the following factors influence vocabulary learning through reading by learners of Chinese as a second language:semantic transparency,contextual richness and number of encounters.Results showed that L2 learners’performance in inferring word meaning was significantly influenced by these three factors.Furthermore,under the more informative context conditions,semantic transparency did not influence their performance in inferring word meaning.On the contrary,under the less informative context conditions,their performance in inferring the meaning of transparent words was better than that in inferring the meaning of opaque words.In addition,when provided with a sentence as a contextual clue,their performance in inferring the meaning of transparent words was much better than that of opaque words.However,when provided with three or five sentences as contextual clues,the advantage of transparent words over opaque words disappeared.The results indicate that by providing learners with informative contexts and an adequate number of encounters,their overuse of morphological decomposition can be reduced when inferring the meaning of compound words,which in turn can improve the quality of Chinese L2 learners’vocabulary acquisition.