参保人对城镇职工医保个人账户的使用、认知、需求及其影响因素分析——以贵州省为例

Analyzing the Insured's Use,Cognition and Demand of Personal Account of Urban Employees' Basic Medical Insurance in Guizhou and its Influencing Factors

目的:分析参保人对城镇职工基本医疗保险个人账户的了解、使用现状,探讨其需求情况,为贵州省及其他地区职工医保个人账户改革提供参考。方法:选取贵州省各单位职工医保参保人为调查对象,通过分发调查问卷收集数据,采用逐步logistic回归分析影响职工对个人账户了解、使用及需求的影响因素。结果:共发放问卷635份,回收有效问卷538份(84.72%)。一半以上的受访者尚未激活医保卡或很少(从未)使用,约15%的受访者曾使用医保卡购买过非医疗产品或将医保卡外借。大多数受访者对个人账户相关政策并不了解。受访者偏好个人账户划入资金同时与工资水平和年龄挂钩或与年龄挂钩,且最想在现有基础上利用个人账户提高自身或家人的医疗保障水平。受访者个人特征、行为习惯、健康状况等均在一定程度影响其对个人账户的使用、了解及需求。结论:医保个人账户使用效率不高,受访者对相关医保政策不了解。个人账户的改革应增强其公平性以及提高自身医疗保障水平功能,还应考虑将保障范围扩大到参保人的配偶或家属。

Objective To analyze the insured＇ s use, cognition and demand of personal account of urban employees＇ basic medical insurance （UEBMI）, and provide references for reform on it. Methods The insured staffs of UEBMI were sampled and surveyed with questionnaires. Data was analyzed with stepwise logistic model. Results For the 538 valid cases, more than half of them rarely used the accounts. And about 15% of them used the fund of the account to buy non - medical products or lent it to other people. Meanwhile, most of the respondents knew very limited information about the policy of URBMI. The respondents prefer to the funds in the account changing with income and age, specifically improving healthcare services for them or their families with the money in the account. The factors of personalities, behaviors and health status can influence the use, cognition and demand of personal account. Conclusion The utilization efficiency of personal account and awareness on policy of medical insurance needs to be improved. Reform on personal account should focus on improving its fairness and coverage.