微网中的蓄电池循环寿命均衡化管理

Battery Cycle Life Equalization Management in Microgrid

在含有分布式储能的微电网中,由于每个分布式发电源(distributed generator,DG)所处的地理位置不同和设备参数的差异,使得其线路阻抗不同,这将导致每个蓄电池的老化速度不一致。于是有的蓄电池先出现老化,如果不及时处理,会导致剩余的蓄电池很快老化,最终会使整个微网无法正常工作。为解决该问题,借鉴自然界的V字形鸟群飞行,在分析蓄电池老化模型的基础上,提出了基于虚拟阻抗的改进下垂控制来实现各分布式电源之间线路阻抗的平衡;提出了基于分层控制的额定功率权重因子法对蓄电池的循环寿命进行均衡化管理。所提2种方法使微网中处于不同位置的蓄电池老化速率趋于一致,蓄电池的循环寿命更将均衡化。实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。

In microgrid with distributed energy storage, the line impedance of each distributed generator（DG） was different because of their differences in geographic location and equipment parameters, which caused aging rate of each battery to be different. So there would be some of the batteries first appear aging because the aging rate of each battery was not the same. The rest of the battery quickly aged if not promptly treated in time, which would eventually make the whole microgrid can＇t work properly. To solve this problem, the idea was inspired by V-shape formation of a flock of birds in this paper. On the basis of analysis of battery aging model, improved droop control based on virtual impedance was proposed to achieve equalization of line impedance between each DG; and weighted factor for power rating method based on hierarchical control was proposed to equalize the cycle life of batteries. The two methods made aging rate of batteries in different locations in the microgrid to be consistent, and the cycle of batteries would become more equalized. The experimental results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method.