资源错配变迁与工业经济增长——基于1980-2014年中国工业部门的研究

Resource Misallocation Evolution and Industrial Economic Growth——Based on Data of China's Industrial Sectors during 1980-2014

1978年至今,中国在推进工业化进程的同时,也伴随着工业部门内部资源错配的变迁。首先,本文构建异质性多部门模型测算出了1980-2014年中国工业部门资源错配系数及其资源错配变动趋势。其次,实证分析了2000-2014年中国由工业化中期推进到后期过程中资源错配阻碍经济增长的动态效应。研究发现:第一,随着工业化进程的不断推进,资源错配所造成的工业部门产出缺口值虽存在局部波动性,但就整体而言呈现下降趋势;第二,在整个工业化进程中,各工业行业劳动要素和资本要素扭曲程度在工业化前期和中期逐渐优化,但由中期推进到后期时却出现恶化趋势;第三,伴随工业化中期向后期推进的过程中,资源错配对工业经济增长的阻碍作用逐渐增强。

Since the year of 1978, along with pushing forward the industrialization process, China has inevitably been confronted with the transition of resource misallocation within the industry sectors. We firstly construct a ＂Heterogeneous multi-sector＂ model to measure and calculate the coefficient and changing trend of China＇s resource misallocation within industry sectors from 1980 to 2014. Then we introduce empirical evidence to analyze the dynamic effect exerted on the economy growth by resource misallocation from the middle to later period during 2000 to 2014.The research tells us： firstly, with the high-speed industrialization, there still exists a par- tial volatility in industry sectors＂ output gap value resulted from resource misallocation. Secondly, although there was an optimization tendency of the distortion coefficient of capital factors and labor factors in the earlier and middle period of industrialization, the degree of above factors had deteriorated in the rest of that day. Thirdly, accompanied by the advance of industrialization from the middle to later period, resource misallocation had an increasing hindrance effect on industrial economy growth.