生态学视角的网络学习环境结构分析

Research on the Structure of the Online Learning Environment from the Perceptive of Ecology

借鉴生态学的"生态系统"、"给养"、"功能性区域"等理念,文章从要素、关系、功能、整体等四个层面分析了网络学习生态系统的结构,以期为从关系的角度认识和设计网络学习环境提供理论参考。文章认为,作为实体存在,网络学习生态系统是由许多要素构成的整体;作为关系存在,各要素之间存在着复杂的相互作用关系,这些复杂关系是形成网络学习生态的必要条件;作为功能单位,该系统具有教育给养、社会给养、情感给养、物理给养等四个功能性区域;在给养的互联互动中,该系统形成了一个统一的给养复合体。

Referring to the concepts of ＂ecosystem＂, ＂affordance＂, and ＂functional area＂, this paper analyzed the structure of the online learning ecosystem form the aspects of elements, relationship, function, and entirety, expecting to provide reference for understanding and designing the online learning environment from the perceptive of relationship. The online learning ecosystem, which existed as an entity, was composed of many elements as a whole. Meanwhile, there was a complex interaction among all the elements when the online learning ecosystem was recognized as the relationship. In addition, these complex relationships were the necessary condition for the formation of online learning ecology. As a functional unit, the system had four functional areas of educational affordance, social affordance, emotional affordance, and physical affordance. Finally, this system formed an organic affordance complex in the interaction of the affordance.