美国防洪治理的策略演变及启示——以密西西比河洪水治理为例

Strategy evolution for flood control in the US and reflection——a typical case of flood control in Mississippi River

针对美国密西西比河流域近百年来频繁发生的洪水灾害,美国政府的防洪策略经历了由探索发现到科学综合治理的发展过程。目前密西西比河的洪水防控与治理已经取得了显著的成效,因此通过对该流域防洪治理策略演变的分析和研究所总结出的经验启示,对于我国的一些洪水频发区如长江、汉江、黄河、海河和淮河等流域的洪水治理具有一定的借鉴意义。

In the last hundred years, frequent flood disasters have struck the Mississippi River Basin and the flood defense strategy of the American government has experienced a developing process from exploitation to take scientific and comprehensive measures. At present, flood control and management in the Mississippi River Basin has obtained remarkable achievements. Through evaluation of strategy evolution for flood defense and summary of experiences, it is expected to provide valuable lessons to the harness of Yangtze, Hanjiang, Yellow, Haihe and Huaihe rivers.