黄泛风沙区耕地土壤风蚀影响因子的通径分析

Path Analysis of Soil Wind Erosion Influence Factors to Cultivated Land in Yellow River Flooded Wind Sand Area

[目的]研究黄泛风沙区影响耕地土壤风蚀量的主要因子及其相互作用关系,为土壤风蚀的防治及改善耕作措施提供依据。[方法]通过影响因子的的野外定位观测,及对风蚀数据进行收集整理,在逐步回归分析的前提下,对风蚀量主要影响因子进行通径分析。[结果]风速累计时间、作物盖度、粗糙度是影响耕地土壤风蚀的主要因素;风蚀量的直接影响因素作用大小的排序为风速累计时间>粗糙度>作物盖度;风蚀量间接影响因素作用大小的排序为粗糙度>作物盖度>风速累计时间;风蚀量决定系数排序为d_(风速累计时间·风速累计时间)>d_(风速累计时间·作物盖度)>d_(风速累计时间·粗糙度)>d_(作物盖度·粗糙度)>d_(作物盖度·作物盖度)>d_(粗糙度·粗糙度);风速累计时间与作物盖度主要通过其本身直接影响风蚀量,粗糙度主要通过间接作用减少风蚀量。[结论]可适当地增加作物种植密度,提高粗糙度、作物盖度,减少风蚀危害。

[Objective] The main influence factors of wind erosion amount and their interaction on cultivated land in flooding area of Yellow River were studied to provide preferences for wind erosion prevention and cultivation measure improvement.[Methods] Through field observation and the collection of wind erosion data, we conducted a path analysis for the main impact factors of wind erosion to cultivated land.[Results] The wind speed cumulative time, crop coverage, and roughness were the main factors affecting the wind erosion of cultivated land. According to the direct path coefficients, the rank of influence factors was wind speed cumulative time 〉 roughness 〉 crop coverage. Referring to the indirect path coefficients, the rank of the indirect influence factors was roughness 〉 crop coverage 〉 wind speed cumulative time. The rank of wind erosion decision coefficient were dw·w（determination coefficient of wind speed cumulative time and wind speed cumulative time）〉dw·c（determination coefficient of wind speed cumulative time and crop coverage）〉dw·r（determination coefficient of wind speed cumulative time and roughness）〉dc·r（determination coefficient of crop coverage and roughness）〉dc·c（determination coefficient of crop coverage and crop coverage）〉dr·r（determination coefficient of roughness and roughness）. The wind speed cumulative time and the coverage of crops directly affect wind erosion and roughness act mainly through indirect effect to reduce wind erosion.[Conclusion] To reduce the risk of wind erosion, we can appropriately increase crop planting density and enlarge crop coverage and roughness.