物联网时代马克思主义视域下审美分享主义的主体建构

Subject Construction of Aesthetic Sharismin the Era of Internet of Things from the Perspective of Marxism

使精神生产与物质生产日趋融合的当代物联网生产方式,宣告西方传统美学范式的式微和马克思美学范式的复兴。马克思审美分享主义以生产性自由个性为审美主体的基本特性,以劳动者共享生产资料为这种主体建构、生成的物质基础。拥有生产资料的小生产者的劳动及其产品具有生产性自由个性和"半艺术性质",而被剥夺了生产资料的雇佣工人的劳动及其产品则丧失了自由个性和艺术性。共产主义使精神生产资料(自由时间)从物质生产中游离出来并让每一个劳动者共享,为具有生产性自由个性的"全面发展的个人"在包括艺术在内的"自由的精神生产"中的生成提供物质基础——物联网生产方式使作为劳动者的"创客"重新共享生产资料,为考察中国特色社会主义"共建共享"主体向"全面发展的个人"渐进生成的进程提供了现实出发点,而习近平"共享发展"理念则为这种考察提供了理论立足点。审美分享主义的建构,一方面有助于美学的马克思主义中国话语体系建设,另一方面也有助于从美学的角度深入理解习近平"共享发展"理念。

The contemporary production mode of the Internet of Things,which leads to the increasing integration of intellectual and material production,has heralded the decline of the traditional Western aesthetic paradigm and the revival of the Marxist aesthetic paradigm.Marxist aesthetic sharism takes productive freedom and individuality as its features,and laborer’s sharing of means of production as its material basis of construction and generation.The labor and products of small producers have a nature that is productive,free,and semi-artistic,while that of the wage-workers,who have been deprived of their means of production,lose this nature.Communism frees intellectual means of production(free time)from material production and allows each worker to share,thus providing material basis for the generation of'all-round developed individuals'with productive and free characters in their'free mental production,'including production of arts.The production mode of the Internet of Things allows'makers,'i.e.,the laborers,to re-share means of production.It thus provides a realistic starting point to the examination of the gradual progress of the sharing and co-working subjects under socialism with Chinese characteristics to'all-round developed individuals.'Xi Jinping’s idea of shared development provides a theoretical foothold for study in this area.The construction of aesthetic sharism is helpful to the construction of Marxist aesthetical discourse system with Chinese characteristics,and conducive to interpreting Xi Jinping’s philosophy of shared development from the angle of aesthetics as well.