小学数学核心素养的特质与建构

Characters and Construction of the Core Competencies of the Elementary School Mathematics

小学数学核心素养作为小学生应具备的、能够适应终身发展和社会发展需要的、在数学学习中表现出来的必备品格和关键能力,要带有鲜明的数学学科特征和独特的小学特质,应具有基础性、发展性和实践性的特点.它孕育在精心设计的数学活动之中,在知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度价值观＂三维目标＂基础上生成,是对小学数学＂四基四能＂的再次提升和概括.为此在10个＂核心词＂中选取最有针对性和代表性的概念：应用意识、运算能力、推理能力、几何直观作为小学数学的核心素养.小学数学核心素养在智力因素上表现为数学的视角观察、数学的方法思考、数学的语言表达,在非智力因素上表现为积极的数学情感.

As the essential characters and the core competencies suiting the needs of each one＇s own lifelong development and social development of the elementary school students when they learned mathematics, the core competencies of the elementary school mathematics must have the distinctive mathematics course feature and the elementary feature with the characters such as basic, developing and practical natures. The core competencies originating form mathematics activity and growing up on the base of the three objectives of knowledge and skills, process and methods and attitude and values, was the second abstract of the four-base and four-ability in the elementary school mathematics. So the application consciousness, the operational capability, the inferential capability and the geometrical intuition were selected out as the core competencies of the elementary school mathematics which showed the observation using mathematical perspective, thought using mathematical methods and expression using mathematical language on the intelligence factor, otherwise the positive emotion of mathematics on the nonintellectual factor.