世居藏族与移居者高原适应不全现况研究

Study on the current situation of high-altitude maladaptation of native Tibetan and migrant

目的:了解高原低氧对机体整体的影响及适应情况。方法:采用自行设计的调查问卷,用偶遇调查方法,对西藏自治区拉萨市(海拔3658m)1200名干部职工进行了不匿名自填式问卷调查,其中世居藏族579人(51.7%)、移居者536人(48.3%),最后获得1115名有效问卷。结果:世居者和移居者整体高原不适数分别是4317(35.3%)和5261(46.7%),呼吸系统总不适数分别是966(33.4%)和1398(52.2%),神经系统总不适数分别是2011(38.6%)和2372(49.2%),循环系统总不适数分别是868(29.9%)和1140(42.5%),消化系统总不适数分别是630(36.5%)和655(40.7%)。结论:西藏地区的世居者的高原适应性较移居者强,但世居者仍存在一些高原适应不全而造成的机体各系统损伤。

In order to understand the influence of hypoxia on the human body and human adaptation to hypoxia, we used the accidental sampling method to conduct anonymous survey for 1200 people lived in Lhasa city of Tibet Autonomous Region, including 576 native Tibetan and 546 migrant. The results we obtained from 1115 valid surveys showed that discomfort number of high-altitude, the respiratory system, the nervous system, the circulatory system, and the digestive system are 4317, 966, 2011,868, and 630 respectively for native Tibetan. And corresponding values for migrant are 5261, 1398, 2372, 1140 and 655 respectively. Our results showed that ability of adaptation of native Tibetan is stronger than that of migrant, however, damages induced by maladaptation were found in organ system of our surveyed native Tibetan.