手机号码的产权公共域与安全风险治理

The Public Domain of Cell-Phone Number's Property-rights and Its Security Risk Management

手机号码在移动互联网应用中逐渐成为用户经济交易的身份识别码,随之而来的安全风险问题日益严峻。在用户与移动运营商及互联网企业的现行合约下,当用户使用手机号码绑定网络产品及服务时,同一手机号码在经历新旧用户后会产生安全风险问题。利用巴泽尔产权理论构建了产权公共域与财富攫取分析框架,分析手机号码新、旧用户权益被攫取以及所面临的安全风险的原因。研究表明,交易成本的存在与手机号码属性的多样性和变动性造成的产权公共域是上述安全风险产生的根本原因。为此,用户与移动运营商和互联网企业之间需要根据手机号码属性价值的增高,进行适当的合约治理;政府需要对新的制度环境、法规等软基础设施进行投资,辅助产权保护。

Cell phone number gradually becomes an identification code for users＇ transaction in the mobile internet application, and the consequent security risks are inereasingly serious. This paper points out that under the current contract between the user and the mobile service providers or internet companies, when the users use their mobile phone numbers to bind the network products and services, there would be a security risk for new and old users with the same phone number during their respective use. Then, the paper proposes an analytic framework of property right public domain and infringement of rights by Barzel＇s property rights theory, analyzes the reasons for the property rights of phone number of new and old users are captured and security risks that they face. We find that the public domain of property rights is the fundamental cause of the above security risks, which is caused by the transaction cost and complexity of the attributes about mobile number. So the user should manage and change contract governance with the mobile operators and internet companies according to the evolution of economic conditions, besides, the government needs to invest the software infrastructure such as new institutional environment and legislation to protect property rights.