银行商业特许经营:模式创制及其本土化移植——以澳大利亚Bendigo社区银行为借鉴对象

Commercial Franchise of Bank:Mode Innovation and Local Transplantation——Lessons from Bendigo Community Bank of Australia

澳大利亚Bendigo银行首创了银行商业特许经营模式,在Bendigo银行不投资入股的情况下,将其成熟的产品和服务、管理经营、风险控制、治理结构等优势经验,与亟需金融服务的农村社区当地居民和企业的资金相结合,共同构筑了Bendigo社区银行的成功。我国村镇银行在设立初衷、设立目的、借力外部银行、发展定位等方面与Bendigo社区银行高度契合,但其主发起行制的设置却致使其发展陷入多重困境,银行商业特许经营有主发起行制之利但无其弊,可考虑移植银行商业特许经营模式,以特许银行替代主发起行,在股东资格、股权配置、股东权利、分红和社区贡献、董事选择、董事会职权、村镇银行与特许行之间特许经营权利义务分配等方面,对Bendigo社区银行加以借鉴并结合本土金融文化加以选择性吸纳,以图开启我国村镇银行走出发展困境并惠及广大农村地区之路。

Australian Bendigo Bank pioneered the mode of commercial franchise of bank. Instead of investing in shares directly, Bencligo Bank grants a franchise to community bank by providing coverage of its banking licenses, a full range of banking products and services, management operations, risk control, governance structure, training of staff and ongoing support and so on. A Community Bank branch is a locally owned and operated company, which functions as a franchise of Bendigo and Adelaide Bank. Bank Franchise mod＇e makes Bendigo Community Bank achieve great success. The establish background, the purpose of establishment and developing positioning of village banks in China are highly similar with Bendigo Community Bank. However its main initiated bank system has been faced with multiple difficulties. The bank franchise mode adopted by Bendigo Community Bank in Australia has the advantage of the main initiated bank. We can learn selectively from Bendigo community banks about its qualification of shareholders, shareholder rights, dividends and community contributions, the directors choose, the board powers, rights and duties assigned between Bendigo community banks and Bendigo banksc.