马王堆帛书《易传》对立范畴考

Research on the Antitheses in Yizhuan,the Silk Book Unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb

准确理解《周易》的范畴,是正确把握《周易》思想的关键步骤。通过对马王堆帛书《易传》中四组对立范畴的研究性解读,揭示出帛书《易传》的思想内涵及其形成过程;通过对这些对立范畴意义的诠释发现了它们所指示出的《周易》关于世界的一种认识方略:在以对立的视野审读世界的过程中,《周易》能够将两个截然不同的方向进行一种有机的整合,从而使得易学思维能够全面把握地自然流变与社会发展。这种思维模式直接来自于筮法与义理的融合过程,它揭橥并指示出中国文化从"信奉天意"发展为"天人合一"的思想渐次成熟之过程。通过对于帛书《易传》对立范畴的解读,我们可以清晰地再现这一过程。正本清源,帮助我们更好地理解《周易》在先秦时代的转变与发展。

The key step to accurately understand the thoughts of Zhouyi is to comprehend its antitheses properly. This paper examines the four antitheses in Yizhuan, the silk book unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb, and analyzes the formation of thoughts of the book. While interpreting the antitheses, we discover a way of understanding the universe with those antitheses. In the prospective of Zhouyi, the universe is regarded as an integration with opposite directions, which helps to understand the natural changes and social development holistically. This way of thinking derives directly from the combination of divination and good reasoning, which also shows the cultural development from ＂following the message from the heaven＂ to ＂harmony between nature and human＂ eventually. By interpreting the antitheses in Yizhuan, we try to reveal clearly the process of this cultural development, which help us better understand the changes and development of Zhouyi in the Pre Qin period.