不同食品追溯体系对消费者福利的影响

Impact of Different Food Traceability System on Consumers' Welfare

建立一个在不同食品追溯体系下消费者的福利分析框架,讨论在无食品追溯体系、自愿食品追溯体系以及强制食品追溯体系三种制度下消费者福利的变化及其影响因素。分析表明,从消费者福利的角度看,最优的制度安排是建立食品自愿追溯体系。在这种情况下,消费者根据自己的偏好选择自己愿意购买的食品,不会有福利的损失。同时,在建立食品追溯体系时也要尽量控制成本,以降低可追溯食品的价格;并提高可追溯食品的品质,以提升其在消费者心目中的印象,最终增加消费者的福利。分析消费者在不同的食品追溯体系下的福利变化,一方面有利于确保消费者对可追溯食品的有效需要;另一方面有助于食品追溯体系类型的选择及相关制度的制定。

In this paper,a welfare analysis framework for consumers under different food traceability system is established,under which the changes and the influencing factors of consumers＇ welfare could be discussed in the system without food traceability,voluntary food traceability system and forced food traceability system. The analysis indicates that the optimal institutional arrangement is to set up a voluntary traceability system for food from the perspective of consumers＇ welfare. In this case,the consumer could choose to buy their own food according to their own preferences without the loss of benefits. Meanwhile,it is necessary to try to control costs so as to reduce the price of traceable food. It is still important to improve the quality of traceable food and enhance their impression in the minds of consumers in an effort to ultimately increase the welfare of consumers. The analysis of the changes of consumers＇ welfare in different food traceability system,on the one hand,is conducive to ensuring the consumers＇ effective needs for traceable food; on the other hand,it contributes to the selection and system design of food traceability system type.