汉字认读在汉语二语者入学分班测试中的应用——建构简易汉语能力鉴别指标的实证研究

Application of Chinese Character Identification in Placement Tests for CSL Learners:An Empirical Study of Constructing Simple Chinese Proficiency Indicators

本研究基于阅读理论模型,从汉字认读的角度探讨如何对汉语二语学习者进行高效诊断与水平区分。研究连续两个学期从中山大学国际汉语系进修班收集259名新生入学分班测试数据,建构了6项分班指标,以学生入学分级水平、九周后的期中成绩(研究一)和HSK成绩(研究二)为效标,通过相关分析、回归模型筛选出可以鉴别学生汉语能力的简易指标,以便对汉语二语入学分班测试流程进行简化和规范化。测试结果显示,听力、阅读、书写分别是有效预测初级、中级、高级阶段学生汉语能力的重要指标;一分钟汉字认读测试可应用于口试环节,协助考官初步诊断学生汉语水平,并推荐学生参加相应级别的笔试。新分班流程不仅节约了测试时间成本,也在一定程度上提高了入学分班测试的准确性。

In the Model of the Simple View of Reading, this paper explores how to design efficient admission CLS learners. To simplify placement tests and standardize based on Chi the admission nese Character Identi placement test, we fication for constructed six indicators and collected enrollment data of 259 freshmen in two semesters in the De- partment of Chinese as a Second Language, Sun Yat-sen University. Meanwhile, these students＇ placement results and their scores in the mid-term examination nine weeks after enrollment （Study 1） and HSK （Study 2） were also collected as validation indexes. Through correlation and regression model analysis, we screened out some simple Chinese proficiency indicators. The results show that listening, reading, and writing can signifi- cantly predict students- Chinese proficiency at different learning stages. Chinese Character Identification tests can be successfully applied to oral examinations to help teachers make initial diagnoses on the Chinese levels of CSL learners. It is then recommended that students should take corresponding simplified written examinations. In brief, the new placement procedure can not only save test time and cost, but also improve the accuracy of placement tests.