外泌体在周围神经损伤中的研究进展

Research Progresses of Exosomes in the Peripheral Nerve Injury

周围神经损伤是一种常见的神经系统疾病。目前的治疗方法主要包括外科手术、神经移植术、干细胞移植和神经管道合成,但这些治疗方式存在较多问题,如外科手术难以将神经准确对位,自体神经移植后供区神经功能丧失,异体移植易引起机体免疫排斥反应,神经管道修复神经损伤具有局限性,患者很难恢复功能。外泌体是一种富含多种蛋白质及遗传物质的胞外囊泡,在周围神经损伤性疾病的修复过程中发挥重要的调控作用,其作为一种新型的治疗方法,可避免传统治疗方法所存在的问题。

Peripheral nerve injury is a common neurological disease. And the current treatments include microsurgery, nerve grafts,stem cell transplantation and synthetic conduits. However, these therapies may end up with complications and have a lot of problems. For example, the microsurgery is .difficult to achieve accurate nerve paraposition,autogenous nerve transplantation results in the loss of donor site neuronal function, allograft is easy to cause the immune rejection, and syn, thetic conduits have limitations of repairing nerve injury and the recovery of patients＇peripheral nerve function is poor. Exo- somes are extracellular vesicles rich in proteins and genetic substances, and they play an important role in the process of repairing peripheral nervous system diseases,which can avoid the complications of the current treatments as a new type of treatment.