不动产错误登记责任的形态及归责原则

Morphology and Imputation Principle of Liability for Registration of Immovable Property

从登记行为的性质、保障权利人利益等角度出发,将《中华人民共和国物权法》第21条中登记机构的赔偿责任认定为民事侵权赔偿责任更为恰当。同时,按产生错误登记的不同情形,不动产错误登记侵权责任形态应该被分为自己责任、不真正连带责任、按份责任。对于归责原则,在解释论上,对登记机构的归责仍应适用一般的过错责任原则;在立法论上,该归责适用过错责任原则中的过错推定规则更为妥当。

From the angle of the nature of registration behavior and the protection of the interests of the obligee,it is more appropriate to identify the liability of the registration institution in the 21 article of ＂The Property Law of the People＇s Republic of China＂ as the tort liability. At the same time, according to different circumstances of the wrong registration, the form of the real estate wrong registration tort liability should be divided into the owner＇s liability ,unreal joint and several liability and shared liability. For the imputation principle,in the theory of interpretation,the prineiple of fault liability should be applied to the imputation of the registration institution. In the theory of legislation, it is more appropriate to apply the principle of presumption of fault in the principle of fault liability.