尾矿库溃坝水流演进的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of water evolution after tailing dam break

为研究尾矿库溃坝后水流演进过程,基于N-S方程和RNG k-ε紊流模型建立了三维溃坝模型,尾砂的输运计算采用了推移质方程和悬移质方程。模拟了水槽溃坝试验,并将模拟计算的水位和沙床高程与试验数据对比,结果显示两者吻合度很高,证明了所建数学模型的准确性。以某尾矿库为例,利用该数学模型模拟尾矿库溃坝并设置相应的监测点,从流速、水深和淤积厚度3个方面研究了溃坝后水流的演进过程,结果发现3个监测点的最大水深非常接近,下游水位最大高程为22.6 m;P_2点尾砂淤积厚度最大。

In order to study the flow evolution of water after tailing pond dam break,a three dimensional dam-break model was established in this paper.Based on N-S equation and RNG k-ε turbulence model,tailing transportation was calculated using the bed load equation and suspended load equation.The mathematical model was verified by the flume dam-break experiment and values of water level and elevation of sand bed of the numerical simulation results were compared with the experimental data.The results showed that the calculation values of water level and section elevation of sand bed were agreed with experimental values,which proved the accuracy of the mathematical model.In the case of a tailing pond,simulation of tailing pond dam-break use the mathematical model,setting up the corresponding monitoring points,studying the flow law of water after tailing pond dam break from three aspects of velocity,water depth and tailing deposition thickness.The results showed that the maximum water depth of three monitoring points was very close,the maximum elevation of downstream water level was 22.6 m;the maximum deposition thickness of tailing was P2 point.