煤矿采场灾害人员疏散模型及避灾硐室布置

Human Evacuation Model of Coal Mine Stope Disasters and Refuge Chamber Layout

针对煤矿现有紧急避险疏散体系存在的避灾硐室选址不合理、逃生效率低下等问题,综合考虑煤矿采场瓦斯爆炸、煤尘爆炸、高温及有毒有害气体对避险人员的影响,在避灾路线上建立多个备选避灾硐室,计算人员疏散所经巷道的当量长度,建立以min(t_1,t_2,t_3)、D_(ij)和V为变量的煤矿采场灾害人员疏散模型,得出评价人员疏散的安全系数K。结合实例,仿真分析工作面人员疏散过程的安全性及避灾硐室利用率,探讨避灾硐室位置布置与选择,为人员紧急疏散提供有效参考。

The existing emergency refuge evacuation system can not meet the demand to escape fully, there are some problems, such as unreasonable location selection of refuge chamber and low escape efficiency. Aiming at the influence of gas explosion, coal dust explosion, high temperature and toxic or harmful gases on workers, multiple alternative chambers were built on refuge routes and the roadway equivalent length that workers walked through was attained. The three parameters of rain （t~, t2, t3）, Dii and V were taken into account to establish the emergency evacuation model of coal mine stope disasters, and it was concluded that safety coefficient K was obtained. Combined with cases, the safety of evacuation process and the utilization rate of refuge chamber were analyzed by simulation, then the arrangement and choice of refuge chambers was discussed, which provided effeclive reference for emergency evacuation.