我国西部地区个人现金卫生支出致贫影响研究——基于少数民族边远地区的调查

Study on poverty impact of out-of-pocket payment in western China:Based on the survey on the remote rural minority-inhabited areas

目的:分析2011年和2014年我国西部少数民族边远地区农村居民现金卫生支出(out-of-pocket,ap)对贫困的影响。方法:利用2011年和2014年家庭入户调查数据,比较国家贫困标准下当地居民OOP发生前后的贫困发生率和贫困差距等指标。结果:2011年,OOP前后贫困发生率为31.07%和51.70%,致贫影响为20.63%,平均贫困差距增加284.24元,相对贫困差距增加183.73元;2014年,OOP前后贫困发生率为29.40%和44.66%,致贫影响为15.26%,平均贫困差距增加242.68元,相对贫困差距增加240.41元。结论:当地居民贫困发生率和平均贫困差距有所下降,但相对贫困差距上升;需要进一步调整新型农村合作医疗补偿方案,提高居民受益水平;重点关注低收入人群,减少因病致贫、因病返贫的现象。

Objective： This paper aims to evaluate the poverty impact incurred by out-of-pocket payment （OOP） on rural residents in the selected remote minority-inhabited areas in western China both in 2011 and 2014. Methods： Under China＇ s national poverty line, poverty headcount ratio and poverty gap were estimated from two rounds of household survey in 2011 and 2014, respectively. The Pan＇ s Parade was also pictured. Results ： In 2011, the poverty headcount ratios before and after the OOP were 31.07% and 51.70% ; and the poverty impact was 20.63%. The impact of average poverty gap and mean positive poverty gap was 284.24 Yuan and 183.73 Yuan, re- spectively. In 2014, the poverty headcount ratios before and after the OOP were 29.40% and 44.66% ; and the pov- erty impact was 15.26%. The impact of average poverty gap and mean positive poverty gap was 242.68 Yuan and 240.41 Yuan, respectively. Conclusion： Poverty headeount ratio and average poverty gap were reduced in the area of interest within the current study, but the mean positive poverty gap was increased. New rural cooperative medical scheme needs to be further adjusted for improving the insured individual＇s benefits. Low-income group should be paid more attention to eliminate impoverishment incurred by OOP.