画者的博物学:基于《宣和画谱》的考察

The natural history of artists:based on the investigation of Xuanhe Hua Pu

《宣和画谱》收录的宋代画作,呈现出鲜明的博物学转向,入画题材多以动植物为主;采用词频统计法对入画植物种类统计分析,发现《宣和画谱》中的植物宋代植物谱录发展是并行的;画者与文人分别用图和文展示日常植物,并赋予其象征意蕴,这有别于本草学者,目的上的不同进而导致他们观察上的差异。动植物绘画在博物学史上占据重要地位。

Paintings collected in the Xuanhe Hua Pu(Xuanhe Painting list)shows distinctive traits of natural history.There are many plants and animals in the paintings.Using word-frequency statistics,we analyzed the types of plants in the paintings,and found that there was linear correlation between the plant paintings in the Xuanhe Hua Pu and Pulu of Plant.For the way of observation,only on the basis of precise observations can painters make accurate descriptions.Plant and animal paintings play an important role in the development of natural history.