菲律宾蛤仔选育家系间杂交的Kung育种值及配合力分析

Analysis of Kung breeding value and combining ability of hybridization of selective families of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

为评估菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum家系间杂交的遗传效应,以生长和抗逆性状优良的壳面具有斑块花纹的蛤仔家系子一代(C31、C32)及壳面背景颜色为橙色的蛤仔家系子三代(Or)作为基础群体,采用单对单双列杂交方法构建选育家系,对建立的蛤仔家系进行Kung育种值、配合力和杂种优势分析。结果表明:15日龄时,C32(♀)×Or(♂)家系Kung育种值最大,30~90日龄时,C31(♀)×C32(♂)家系Kung育种值最大;6日龄时,各杂交家系一般配合力有极显著性差异(P<0.01),特殊配合力无显著性差异(P>0.05);9~90日龄时,除60日龄杂交家系特殊配合力无显著性差异外(P>0.05),各测量日龄杂交家系的一般配合力、特殊配合力和反交效应均有显著或极显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);30日龄后,C31(♀)×C32(♂)杂交家系子代杂种优势最为明显。研究表明,以斑块花纹C31(♀)与斑块花纹C32(♂)为亲本的杂交家系表现出较好的Kung育种值、配合力和杂种优势,是较好的杂交亲本来源。

Complete diallel crosses were carried out among two plaque pattern families F1（ C31,C32） of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum selected for good growth and high resistance,and an orange family F3（ Or）,and Kung breeding value and combining ability of mixed families were analyzed in order to evaluate the genetic effects on the hybridization of Manila clam families. The results showed that the individuals in family C32（ ♀） ×Or（ ♂）had the maximal Kung breeding value at day 15,and that the individuals in family C31（ ♀） ×C32（ ♂） had the maximal Kung breeding value from day 30 to 90 day. There were very significant differences in general combining ability（ GCA）（ P〈0.01）,without significant differences in specific combining ability（ SCA）（ P〈0.05） at day 6 among the hybrid families,indicating that additive effect influences the growth. There were significant differences in GCA,SCA and reversed cross effect（ P〈0.05） since day 6,especially in parent C31（ ♀） ×C32（ ♂）,showing that the C31（ ♀） and C32（ ♂） families are the selected parents for hybridization to breed good growth strain of Manila clam.