黑水虻替代鱼粉对锦鲤生长和健康状况的影响

Effects of dietary fish meal replaced by Hermetia illucens meal on growth and health of koi cap Cyprinus carpio

为研究黑水虻Hermetia illucens替代鱼粉对锦鲤Cyprinus carpio生长性能、血浆与组织生化指标的影响,选取初始平均质量为51.2 g的锦鲤270尾,随机分为3组,每组设3个重复,每个重复放30尾,分别投喂以黑水虻替代鱼粉的0(H1组)、50%(H2组)、70%(H3组)饲料30 d。结果表明:黑水虻替代鱼粉对锦鲤增重率、肥满度、肝体比、体型均无显著性影响(P>0.05);黑水虻替代鱼粉时,锦鲤血浆谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活力显著降低(P<0.05),但血浆和肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力显著增强(P<0.05),肝胰脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,黑水虻可增强锦鲤抗氧化性和抗病能力,且黑水虻替代鱼粉的比例不宜超过70%。

A 30 day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fish meal replaced by Hermetia illucens meal on growth performance,body composition and plasma biochemical indices of koi carp Cyprinus carpio.A total of 270 individuals with an average body weight of 51.2 g were randomly assigned into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate and fed three diets containing 0（ H1）,50%（ H2）,and 70%（ H3） of fish meal replaced by Hermetia illucens meal on basal diet basis. The results showed that there was no significant difference in weight gain rate,condition factor,hepatosomatic index,and shape among all groups（ P〈0.05）. Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase（ GPT） and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase（ GOT） activities were significantly inhibited in plasma of the koi carp fed the diets containing high Hermetia illucens meal（ P〈0.05）,with high GOT activity in the fish fed the diet containing 70% fish meal replaced by Hermetia illucens meal. There was significantly higher activity of superoxide dismutase（ SOD） in plasma and hepatopancreas in groups H2 and H3 than that in the control group（ P〈0.05）. However,the koi in groups H2 and H3 had significantly lower malondialdehyde（ MDA） content in hepatopancreas than the fish in the control group did（ P〈0.05）. The findings indicate that Hermetia illucens meal leads to improve oxidation resistance and disease resistance in koi carp,and suggeste that fish meal replaced by maggot meal should not be more than 70% in diets.