碳素纤维在近岸海洋污染物亚硝酸盐、总氨态氮处理中的应用

Application of carbon fiber in treatment of coastal marine pollutants containing nitrite and total ammonia nitrogen

为探索高效的近岸海水污染处理及生态修复方法,采用硝酸氧化法对黏胶基碳素纤维(Carbon fiber,CF)进行氧化改性,并利用改性后的黏胶基CF处理近岸模拟污染海水,研究了改性CF对海水中亚硝酸盐、总氨态氮等污染物的吸附情况,考察了黏胶基CF氧化改性时间等因素对吸附处理效果的影响,确定了改性黏胶基CF处理近岸污染海水的优化工艺条件。结果表明:黏胶基CF氧化改性时间、CF投加量、亚硝酸盐初始浓度、总氨态氮初始浓度、吸附时间、海况、p H等因素对CF的吸附性能均有不同程度的影响,当反应条件相同时CF的吸附性能较稳定;CF对亚硝酸盐的吸附效果较好,对总氨态氮的吸附效果次之;通过正交试验确定黏胶基CF材料修复模拟近岸海水的优化条件,即在吸附时间为3 h、海况为3级、投加量为0.01 g、亚硝酸盐初始浓度为4 mg/L、总氨态氮初始浓度为60 mg/L、改性时间为1.5 h、p H为8的条件下,CF对亚硝酸盐的去除率为84.56%,对总氨态氮的去除率为45.63%。本研究结果为CF在近岸海洋环境修复中的应用奠定了基础。

The absorption of nitrite and total ammonia nitrogen pollutants in simulation contaminated seawater by viscose-based carbon fibers（ CF） modified by using nitric acid oxidation method was studied,and the absorption effects of the modified carbon fibers were optimized through orthogonal experiments including the modification time of carbon fiber,dosage of carbon fiber,initial concentration of nitrite and total ammonia nitrogen,time of absorption,and sea condition and p H value to search for an effective method of treatment of coastal seawater pollution and ecological restoration. The results showed that the adsorption performance of carbon fiber was stable under the same reaction conditions,and that the adsorption effect of carbon fiber on nitrite was good at the same time,with the relatively poor removal rate of total ammonia nitrogen. The best absorption of nitrite and total ammonia nitrogen and restoration of simulated coastal seawater by the viscose-based carbon fiber were observed under the optimal conditions of 3 hours absorption,sea level of 3,CF dosage of 0.01 g,initial nitrite concentration of 4 mg/L,initial total ammonia nitrogen concentration of 60 mg/L,modification for 1. 5 h,and p H value of 8,with the removal rate of84.56% for nitrite,and the total ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 45.63%. The findings provide the reference for the application of carbon fiber in the coastal marine environment restoration.