呼吸机相关性肺炎的高危因素及护理对策

Risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit of neurosurgery and related nursing countermeasures

目的分析神经外科监护室呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的高危因素并提出护理对策。方法选取行机械通气的35例患者,调查收集患者临床资料,根据是否发生VAP分为VPN组(n=6)和Non-VAP组(n=29)。结果 6例(17.14%)患者发生呼吸机相关性肺炎。单因素分析显示,VPN与Non-VAP组患者心肺复苏和机械通气时间(>3 d)变量的构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论神经外科监护室VAP发生受到多种因素的影响,应实施综合护理措施,降低VAP发生风险。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia（VAP）in intensive care unit of neurosurgery and to provide related nursing countermeasures. Methods A total of 35 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation were included and divided into the VAP group（n=6） and Non-VAP group（n=29）. The clinical data of patients were collected and the potential risk factors of VAP were analyzed by univariate analysis. Results The mobility of VAP was 17.14%（6/35）. Univariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference in proportion of patients receiving cardio-pulmonary resuscitation and with duration of mechanical ventilation（ 3 d） between two groups. Conclusion The occurrence of VAP is influenced by multiple factors. Application of comprehensive prevention strategies against those risk factors of VAP can reduce the risk of VAP.