基于语料库的持续系动词对比研究——以keep、stay和remain为例

A Corpus-based Contrastive Study of the Durative Linking Verbs of“Keep,Stay and Remain”

文章借助语料库,研究了高频持续系动词stay、keep和remain在X+ADJ、X+V-EN两种典型型式中的语体特征和使用频次的历时变化,并采取中介语对比分析法,对上述三词两种类联接的频次和语义韵特征进行对比研究。结果显示:(1)本族语中,stay偏口语化,remain偏书面语,keep均衡分布于各种语域;从使用频次的历时变化看,stay呈现增长趋势,remain微减,keep基本保持稳定;(2)相比本族语者,中国学习者使用X+ADJ时,频次和语义韵基本一致,但是使用X+V-EN明显偏少,并出现语义韵违和现象。鉴于此,建议在词汇教学中应引导学生充分运用各种语料库资源。

This paper, with the help of the corpora, revealed the genre and diachronic frequency changes of the colligations of X ＋ ADJ and X ＋ V-EN typically used in durative linking verbs like “ stay,keep and remain”. The paper also made a corpus-based contrastive inter-language analysis between English native speakers and Chinese learners and explored their usage differences from the perspective of colligation frequency and semantic prosody. The result of the study shows that in native English, “stay” tends to be informal and spoken, “remain” formal and written while “keep” was evenly distributed and that the frequencies of “stay” showed an upward trend, “keep” remained stable while “remain” took a slight downturn. It is also suggested that compared to native speakers, Chinese learners had no significant differences in the usage of X ＋ ADJ but underused X ＋ V-EN and misused its semantic prosody. Therefore, this study ended with a suggestion that students should be encouraged to use various corpora during the vocabulary teaching and learning process.