无偿献血者献血前梅毒螺旋体抗体快速检测结果分析及策略优化

Analysis of rapid detection of Treponema pallidum antibody before voluntary blood donation and strategy optimization

目的回顾性分析无偿献血者献血前梅毒螺旋体(TP)快速检测的结果,优化献血前筛查策略。方法献血前采用TP金标试纸条对献血者进行快速检测,献血后采用TP-酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法对血液进行检测。比较开展TP快速检测前、后血液TP阳性报废率。对TP快速检测阳性献血者的献血次数、献血间隔时间以及假性结果等内容进行分析。结果2014-2015年献血前TP快速检测73 990例,阳性529例,阳性率为0.71%,其中初次献血者阳性472例,占89.2%,献血间隔时间超过3年者阳性35例,占重复献血者阳性的61.4%。TP快速检测假阳性5例,假阴性15例。开展TP快速检测后,献血者血液检测抗TP阳性报废率由0.71%下降至0.17%。结论开展献血前TP快速检测能有效降低血液TP阳性报废率;结合献血者献血次数、献血间隔时间,优化献血前筛查策略,能提升献血服务效率及水平。

Objective To evaluate the performance of fast Treponema pallidum(TP)detection in voluntary blood donors and optimize the strategy for pre-donation screening.Methods Before blood donation,the gold standard TP test strip was used to make a fast detection.After blood donation,the TP-ELISA was used to test the blood.Then,analyze the donors′anti-TP positive rate,times and intervals of donating,false positive and negative of TP fast detection.Results From 2014 to 2015,among 73 990 donors who were tested by using fast TP detection,0.71% of them(529donors)were positive.Among the positive donors,89.2% of them(472donors)were first-time blood donors.35donors′donating intervals were more than 3years,who accounted for 61.4% of the donors who had donated for more than once.The numbers of the false positive obtained from fast TP detection were 5and the false negative was 15.By applying the fast TP detection before blood donation,the rate of anti-TP positive had been declined from 0.71%to 0.17%.Conclusion The rejection rate of TP positive can be significantly reduced by using fast TP detection before blood donation.The fast TP detection can be used to optimize the pre-donation screening and promote blood donation service efficiency and level,while donating times and intervals of the blood donors were also considered.