现实主义创作方法的断裂——《白鹿原》创作方法的突破与价值重估

Discontinuity in Writing Methodology of Realism——Breakthrough and Revaluation of Writing Methodology in White Deer Plain

《白鹿原》在当代文学中的经典地位尽管已被确认,但对其创作方法上体现的"新质"认识和评价上存在着低估和片面解读。用老套的现实主义创作方法去认知,则是对其在创作方法上的重大突破和文学史意义的低估;用"新历史主义"、"寻根文学"等去理解,只看到了《白鹿原》对历史和文化反思的题材意义而没有看到其在创作表现方法上变革的形式意义。本文用"乡族主义"(此非陈忠实命名)去概括陈忠实的创作理念和表现方法,旨在标示它既与传统的现实主义决裂,也与新时期各种主义切割,是艺术家特立独行的"这一个"(黑格尔语)。

Although White Deer Plain has been confirmed as the classic in the contemporary literature, its peculiarity in writing methodology is still underestimated and partially interpreted. Employing the conven- tional writing methodology from realism to expound the work would underestimate its breakthrough in writing techniques and the significance in literature history ; and defining it from ＇ New Historicism＇ or ＇ root-finding literature＇ would only discover the subject of history or cultural reflection while veiling the transformation of expression method. The thesis uses ＇ rural familism＇ to generalize Chen Zhong- shi＇ s idea and expression method reflected in White Deer Plain, with the aims to mark the novelist as unique as what Hegel said ＇ this one＇ , because his work is separated not only from the traditional realism but also from all kinds of criticism in the new era.