CBA联赛竞赛改革案例诊断与优化

Research on the Case Diagnosis and Optimization of CBA Competition Reform

为助力CBA实现"世界一流职业联赛"的宏伟目标,为民众提供更优质的竞赛产品,为联赛决策层进一步优化竞赛制度提供有效建议,运用文献资料、专家访谈等方法对CBA联赛2014-2015赛季竞赛改革案例进行研究,结果表明:(1)CBA联赛竞赛改革目标包括竞赛公正性、观赏性、均衡性、健康性、独特性5个方面;(2)主教练申请录像回放制度促进了联赛的公正性,弥补了裁判的误判,但仍需完善;(3)第四节单外援制度使国内球员上场机会增加,但观赏性下降,增加了有亚洲外援球队实力,但降低了中游球队竞争力;(4)裁判委员会制度实现了俱乐部对裁判的自主管理,但仍需配套相关措施;(5)教练制止运动员冲突不力连带处罚制度效果明显,但治标不治本。建议:增加录像回放种类与次数;理性对待三外援制度;尽快建立裁判申诉仲裁委员会和制定《CBA职业裁判员薪酬标准及各类保障制度》;实行球员赛场暴力防控专题培训考核和多部门联席会制度,做到违纪处罚实施的及时、精细、科学和多样。

In order to build “ the world first class” professional league,provide people with better competitive products, and suggestions on further optimizing the leagues competition system, the present paper studies the case of the 2014 -2015 season competition reform by using literature, expert interviews and other methods. The results show that： 1） the reform target mainly includes five aspects： competition fairness, appreciation, balance, health and uniqueness; 2） the system of coaches application for video playback promotes the fairness of the league,and compensates for referees^miscarriage of judgments,but still need to be improved; 3 ） the rule on single foreign aid in the 4th section increases domestic players^chance of playing time, but the appreciation decreases. The rule increases the strength of teams with foreign aids from Asia, but decreases the competitiveness of teams of middle level; 4 ） Judge committee system realizes the goal of clubs managing referees independently ,but still need relevant supporting measures; 5 ） the joint punishment system on coaches-failure to stop athletes conflict has significant effect,but can not eliminate the real problems. Recommendations： increase the number of video playback and the number of times; rationally treat the three foreign aids rule; establish the arbitration committee of referee appeal as soon as possible,and adopt the ” CBA Professional Referee Salary Standard and Various Kinds of Security system”, implement the court violence prevention special training assessment and multi - department joint conference system to ensure the punishment timely, accurate, scientific and diverse.