腹膜透析与血液透析患者血钾异常率的比较

Comparison of morbidity of potassium dysmetabolism between patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis

目的比较腹膜透析(PD)、血液透析(HD)患者低钾血症和高钾血症发生率的差异,探讨不同透析方式造成血钾异常的原因。方法选取该院肾病内科HD患者32例,PD患者30例。随访6个月,每月检测血常规、肝肾功能、电解质,计算检测的血清钾离子平均数,以及发生高钾血症和低钾血症的次数。结果 (1)PD组血钾平均浓度低于HD组;(2)PD高钾血症发生率(3.3%)小于HD组(34.4%);(3)PD患者低钾血症发生率(10.34%)高于HD组(0.00%)。结论与血液透析相比,腹膜透析能更好地预防高钾血症,但低钾血症发生率较高,无论选取何种透析方式,均应防范血钾异常。

Objective To compare the morbidity of hyperkalemia and hypokalemia between patients under-going peritoneal dialysis （PD） and hemodialysis （HD）, and analyze the causes. Methods All patients were enrolled from the Department of Nephrology, Suizhou Hospital and divided into PD group （30 cases） and HD group （32 cases）. The follow-up duration was 6 months. Blood routine, liver and kidney functions, and electrolytes were measured every month, the mean serum kalium level was calculated and the frequency of hyperkalemia and hypokalemia were recorded. Results The mean level of serum kalium in the PD group was significantly lower than that in the HD group （P〈0.05）. The frequency of hyperkalemia in the PD group （3.3%） was lower than that in the HD group （34.4%）, the diferrence was significantly. The incidence of hypokalemia in the HD group （0.00%） was significantly lower than that in the PD group （10.34%）. Conclusions Compared with HD, PD can better prevent hyperkalemia, but the occurrence rate of hypokalemia is higher. No matter what kind of dialysis method is selected, it is important to prevent abnormal serum kalium.