近代中国学校女生职业指导的探索与启示

Exploration on Vocational Guidance for Schoolgirl in Modern China and Its Enlightenment

在近代女子教育发展过程中,在校女生出路问题逐渐突显。在一些有识之士的提倡下,专门针对女生的职业指导在中国出现。一些学校开展的女生职业指导,依据社会职业需要和女性身心特质,在择业、就业、创业等方面为在校女生提供具体建议。但综合来看,早期的女生职业指导存在探索的起步时间较晚,实际受惠对象有限,理论研究不够充分等问题。这启示当前,职业指导应注意对象的性别特征,要加强对女子职业指导的基础研究。

With the female education developing in modern China, the outlet of female students at school became a serious problem. Under the promotion of some knowledgeable people, the vocational guidance especially for schoolgirl appeared in China. The schoolgirl vocational guidance of some schools gave suggestion on choosing vocation, hunting job and starting own business for female students according to social vocational requirement and female physiological and psychological characters. But taken together, the vocational guidance for the female has following characteristics： late starting to explore, limited actual benefit object and insufficient theory research, which enlighten us, at present, vocational guidance should pay attention to the gender characteristics of objects and strengthen the basic research on women＇s vocational guidance.