单体建筑及建筑群表面风压计算的湍流模型研究

Turbulence Model for Calculating Wind Pressure of Single Building and Building Complexes

湍流模型是建筑表面风压数值计算精度的重要影响因素之一。本文针对低层单体建筑和并列式建筑群,在0°~90°多个风向角下,基于雷诺平均法的RNG k-ε、Realizable k-ε和SST k-ω3种湍流模型,对建筑表面风压开展数值计算,并与日本东京工艺大学的风洞实验结果对比,检验不同模型的计算精度。结果表明,Realizable k-ε模型和SST k-ω模型对建筑迎背风面的平均风压及风压差系数和测点风压系数计算精度较高,可用于单体建筑及建筑群的表面风压数值计算。

Turbulence model is one of the most important factors that affect the accuracy of numerical calculation of wind pressure of building. With respect to low-rise single building and parallel-layout building complexes, three turbulence models based on RANS, including RNG k-ε model, Realizable k-ε model and SST k-ω model, were used to calculate the wind pressure under several wind angles ranging from 0 degree to 90 degree. By comparing the results of numerical calculation and wind tunnel tests performed at Tokyo Polytechnic University in Japan, the accuracy of numerical calculation of different models was evaluated. Based on the average wind pressure coefficient on the leeward and windward surface, the coefficient of their wind pressure difference and the coefficient of wind pressure at measuring points, the findings indicate that the numerical results calculated with Realizable k-ε model and SST k-ω model are in better agreement with the results obtained from wind tunnel test than RNG k-ε model. They are acceptable in engineering application of numerical calculation of wind pressure in single building and building complexes.