环境政策与技术创新研究述评

Review of Environmental Policy and Technological Innovation

环境政策的技术创新效应对实现长期绿色发展至关重要。由于外部性和路径依赖问题,有助于环境的技术创新活动往往缺乏市场激励,而环境政策可以对此类技术创新活动提供驱动力。因此,对环境政策工具的技术创新效应进行实证检验不仅是经济学界关注的重点议题,其结论还具有较强的政策启示。对此,本文围绕四个方面展开综述:第一,何种技术创新具有积极的环境影响,从而助力社会经济的绿色发展?第二,环境政策对技术创新来说为什么是一种必要的激励措施?第三,不同的环境政策是否产生了积极的技术创新效应?第四,何种政策工具对激励技术创新更为有效?在此基础上,本文对该领域的研究趋势进行了分析,细化技术创新和政策分类,比较不同政策工具的差异化效果都是未来有待研究的方向。

The technological innovation generated by environmental policy is the key for China achieving its longterm green development. Duing to the externality problems and path-dependency effects, the market driven force for environmental-friendly innovation activities is lacked, whereas environmental policy can provide motivation. In this sense, the empirical test or the technological innovation induced by environmental policy is not only among the key interests of academics, but also has strong policy implications. This paper reviews the current literatures around the following four issues. First, what kinds of technological innovation have positive environmental effects and contribute to the green development？ Second, why the environmental policies are necessary for motivating such innovation activities？ Third, have environmental policies generate technological innovation？ Fourth, what types of environmental policies are more effective？ This paper also analyzes the research trend in this field and suggests some issues for future researches, such as detailing the classification of innovation and policy indicators, comparing the effects of policy types, etc.