非晶合金永磁电机负载损耗及效率特性分析

Analysis of characteristics of power losses and efficiency of amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor

为了研究采用非晶合金材料代替硅钢片材料制作铁心后,永磁电机在负载运行时的损耗与效率的变化规律,研制了两台相同结构尺寸参数的非晶合金永磁电机和硅钢片永磁电机。利用实验方法测试了两台电机在相同运行工况下的损耗与效率特性,并借助有限元方法对两台电机不同负载率时的损耗进行了对比分析。结果显示,轻载时,非晶合金永磁电机定子铁心损耗低于硅钢片电机,效率优势明显;但随着负载率的增加,非晶合金电机定子铁心饱和严重,导致绕组磁动势波形畸变,由绕组磁动势谐波引起的损耗高于硅钢片电机,非晶合金电机效率优势随负载率的增加逐渐减小。

In order to study the characteristics of power losses and efficiency of the permanent magnet motor when the silicon steel core is replaced by the amorphous alloy core, two permanent magnet motors are produced which have the same specifications. One core of the motors is made of silicon steel sheet and the other core of the motors is made of amorphous alloy material. The characteristics of power losses and efficiency of the two motors were measured at the same operating situation. Power losses were also analyzed at various load ratios by using finite element analysis. The results show that, the core loss of amorphous alloy motor is lower than that of the silicon steel motor when the load is light, and the efficiency of amorphous alloy motor is superior to silicon steel motor. But with the increase of load ratio, the core of amorphous alloy motor is poorly saturated, the waveform of MMF distorts a lot, and the losses caused by MMF harmon- ics are higher in amorphous alloy motor than that in the silicon steel motor,which leads to a reduction of superiority of efficiency with the increase of load ratio.