不完全竞争下我国铜进口贸易市场势力测度及影响因素研究

Estimation of the Market Power of China's Copper Import Trade and Its Influence Factors under Imperfect Competition

中国在国际有色金属进口市场拥有较大市场份额,却缺乏定价能力。本文选取10个主要铜进口市场为研究对象,采用修正的SMR模型对2000-2015年间中国有色金属进口贸易的国际市场势力进行了测度,考察影响国际市场势力的主要因素。结果显示:中国铜进口市场是典型的非完全竞争市场,铜进口贸易不具有买方市场势力同时面临强大的卖方市场势力;在十个主要进口市场中,加拿大、美国、智利、秘鲁、澳大利亚等五个国家对出口价格具有额外加成能力,并依次占据卖方市场势力前五位;较高的进口依存度、进口结构单一以及较低的产业集中度是导致中国铜进口贸易买方国际市场势力缺失的主要原因。据此,我国应通过优化进口结构、加强对外投资、提高行业集中度来增强在铜资源国际进口贸易中的市场势力与定价话语权。

Although holding a large market share in the international nonferrous import market, China lacks pricing pow- er. Under this circumstance, using the modified SMR model, this paper selects the data from 10 main copper import mar- kets during the period of 2000-2015, to estimate the international market power of China＇s nonferrous import traders, and further explores the dominant factors influencing international market power. The resuhs show that China＇s copper im- port market is a typical imperfectly competitive market, in which the buyers lack market power while the sellers have strong market power. Among the 10 copper import market, Canada, America, Chile, Peru and Australia are the top 5 countries with monopoly power successively, having additional capacity for copper export prices ; a high degree of import dependence, simple import structure and low industrial concentration are the main reasons leading to Chinese copper im- port traders＇ lack of international market power. Based on the above results, China should strengthen market power and pricing power in the copper import trades by optimizing import structure, strengthening foreign investment and increasing industry concentration.