基于灰色聚类法的洮河干流水环境质量综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation on water environment quality of the Tao River based on grey clustering method

【目的】为更科学、全面、真实地反映洮河干流水环境的污染状况,解决水质评价过程中存在的不确定性.【方法】应用单因子评价法和灰色类聚法,于2014年对黄河上游的最大的支流洮河的12个监测断面和5个污染因子进行了水质评价.【结果】采用单因子评价法评价洮河干流水质,在调研的12个取样断面中,有9个断面综合水质劣于Ⅳ类水.通过应用灰色聚类法对洮河干流水质进行评价,洮河干流12个监测断面中9个监测断面综合水质类别为Ⅲ类,只有碌曲县上游、勒秀乡下游2个断面综合水质类别为Ⅴ类水,岷县洮珠村下游综合水质类别为Ⅳ类.TP、TN的权重较大,说明氨氮和磷已成为造成洮河干流水环境恶化的最大影响因素.【结论】与单因子评价法相比,灰色聚类法考虑了各个水质监测值的程度和各污染因子的聚类权重,能更全面、科学地反映洮河干流水环境污染程度.

【Objective】In order to reflect the real situation of the water environment pollution and to further solve the uncertainty problem existing in the process of water quality evaluation of Tao River comprehensively and reasonably.【Method】The single factor evaluation method and grey clustering method were applied in this paper,which is based on 5pollution factors and 12 monitoring sections of the Tao River sector of 2014.【Result】There were nine section comprehensive water qualities inferior to class IV water in the investigation of the 12 sampling section,and there were nine sections comprehensive water quality inferior to classⅢ water in the investigation of the 12 sampling section based on appling of grey clustering method.The comprehensive water quality was category for class V water at the upper reaches of Luqu county and downstream of Lexiu town of Luqu county and the comprehensive water quality was category for classⅣ water at downstream of Taozhu village of Min county.TP and TN weight showed bigger,which indicated that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus became the the greatest cause of deterioration of water environment impact on the Tao River.【Conclusion】Compared with the single factor evaluation method,grey clustering methods considere the clustering weight of the values of each water quality monitoring and the pollution factor,which shows more comprehensively and reasonably reflect the real situation of the pollution degree of the water quality,further help to solve the uncertainty problem existing in the process of water quality evaluation.