空间高精度长寿命谐波减速应用技术研究

Research on High-precision & Long-life Harmonic Drive Applied in Spacecraft

面对日益增长的空间高精度长寿命机构的应用需求,文章以空间谐波传动为研究对象,首先介绍了谐波减速器在国内外的研究和应用现状,分析了谐波齿轮的失效模式和影响寿命的因素,分析了不同载荷、不同工作模式对谐波齿轮精度和寿命的影响,并设计了不同工况的寿命试验进行验证。基于研究和验证试验结果,给出了空间高精度长寿命谐波减速器应用时的关键控制指标。最后,通过一高精度谐波指向机构,进行了往复间歇运动寿命试验,验证了谐波减速器可满足3.6?106次往复间歇运动的长寿命使用要求,同时可保证机构指向精度达30″。文章对谐波减速器在空间其它领域应用提供了借鉴。

Facing the increasing demand of high-precision and long-life mechanisms, the paper takes space harmonic drive as the research object. The study and development of harmonic drive by now in the whole world are introduced firstly, and the failure modes and life critical factors of harmonic drive are analyzed. Then the high precision technology and long life harmonic drive used in spacecraft is researched. The effects of different payload and working models on harmonic drive＆#39;s life and precision are studied in this paper, and some life testings based on different load cases and working modes are performed. And also based on all the analysis and tests, some key indicators of the high-precision and long-life harmonic drive are presented during its application in spacecraft. In the end, a high precision mechanism which is driven through harmonic gears as a reducer is designed. The life test of this mechanism can reach to 3.6＆#215;106 when its working mode is reciprocating and intermittent. At the same time, the pointing accuracy of this mechanism can reach to 30″.