复合势下三维旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚暗孤子及其自旋纹理

Three-dimensional spinor Bose-Einstein condensate dark-solitons and its spin texture under a complex potential

为了充分揭示复合势下三维旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚暗孤子的动力学性质及自旋纹理结构,运用能量泛函方法和直接数值仿真耦合Gross-Pitaevskii方程组,在三维抛物势和二维高斯势组成的复合势下构造了多种带有不同拓扑结构因子稳定的自旋为1的三维铁磁态旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚暗孤子,并分析了它们的动力学特性.选择其中一种暗孤子作为例子,分析了其在关键参量空间中的稳定性,得到了稳定性区域.然后通过计算暗孤子的自旋密度矢量,得到了指向自旋消失圆的三维环形自旋纹理结构和自旋密度矢量大小随空间变化的分布.这为更好地理解玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的磁性性质提供了帮助,也为实验上实现三维旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚暗孤子提供了理论依据.

In order to fully reveal the dynamic properties and the spin texture distribution of three-dimensional spinor Bose-Einstein condensate dark-solitons under a complex potential, it was constructed a stable spin-1 ferromagnetic three-dimensional spinor Bose-Einstein condensate dark-solitons with the different topological structure factors confined a complex potential including a three-dimensional harmonic trap and a two-dimen- sional Gaussian trap, via employing the energy functional method and direct numerical simulation of the cou- pled Gross-Pitaevskii equations, their dynamics were analyzed. In addition, it was obtained the stability region of the one of these in important parameter space. Furthermore, it was also obtained the cricoid spin texture structure pointing to the circle of spin vanishing by calculating the spin density vector of the dark-solitons. With the purpose of more clearly described the spin texture distribution, it was calculated the variational intensity of spin density vector size along with the space. These results could help people better understand the magnetism of the spinor Bose-Einstein condensate and provide the theory for the relational experimental research.