人类T淋巴细胞白血病1型病毒的感染复制及致病机制研究进展

Research progress in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 and its mechanisms of oncogenesis

主要针对人类T淋巴细胞白血病1型病毒(human T-cell leukemia virus type 1,HTLV-1)及其与成人T淋巴细胞白血病(adult T-cell leukemia,ATL)的关系,尤其是人类T淋巴细胞白血病1型病毒的感染、复制及致病机制进行了综述.HTLV-1属于逆转录病毒,它的感染可导致成人T细胞白血病.HTLV-1病毒主要通过细胞与细胞间接触进行传播,并通过促进其感染细胞的增殖增加病毒拷贝数.病毒基因的调控及宿主免疫系统共同决定了体内HTLV-1病毒的载量.病毒编码的HBZ和Tax蛋白在ATL发生过程中发挥着至关重要的作用,它们在功能上相互配合,共同调节病毒的复制,诱导感染细胞增殖及病毒传播.对于HTLV-1病毒与ATL关系的深入研究,将对认识病毒和宿主的相互作用及相关传染性疾病的防治带来新的启示.

It was summarized the relationship between human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 （ HTLV-1 ） and adult T-cell leukemia （ATL）, especially HTLV-1 infection, replication and its mechanisms of oncogenesis. HTLV-1 was a retrovirus that could cause ATL. HTLV-1 transmited mainly by cell-to-cell contact1 and it increased copy number of the virus through promoting the proliferation of infected cells. Regulation of viral genes and the host immune system cooperatively determined viral load of HTLV-1. In the developments of ATL, HTLV-1 encoded HBZ and Tax proteins synergistically regulated viral replication and promoted the proliferation of infected cells. Efforts on the researches of HTLV-1 and ATL would give new insights into virus-host interactions and therapy of related diseases.