新时期中国文化体制改革的启动——以艺术表演团体改革为突破口

The Start of China's Cultural System Reform in the New Period——With the Breakthrough of Art Performance Group Reform

中共十一届三中全会以后,随着经济体制和政治体制改革的加速推进,中国的文化体制改革徐徐拉开了序幕。作为这一时期最为活跃的改革主体——艺术表演团体改革,既具有文化体制改革的共性,又具有自身的特点。从1978年开始的艺术表演团体改革首先从调整布局、裁减冗员开始;随着1983年承包经营责任制的引入,改革深入到艺术表演团体经营权的层次;1988年后,进一步在所有制形式和经营方式上引入了"双轨制",为文化体制特别是艺术表演团体改革初步注入了市场因素。艺术表演团体的改革实践,为现阶段深化文化体制改革提供了有益的思路。

With the acceleration of the economic system and political system reform, China's cultural system reform slowly began after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Communist of CPC. Art performance group reform, the most active main body of reform, both had the general character of cultural system reform and its own characteristics. Art performance group reform started from the adjustment layout and staff reduction first from the year of 1978, deepened to the power of management with the introduction of management and responsibility system in 1983, introduced 'double track system' at the systems of ownership and management after the year of 1988 later and gradually established and improved the system of cultural market. The reform practice of art performance group provided a good way to deepen the reform of the cultural system at the present stage.