高校应用型特色的可视化——以多维全球大学排名(U-Multirank)为比较视角

Making the Application-oriented Profile Visible:U-Multirank as a Multidimensional Transparency Tool

应用科学大学与综合大学在办学定位和特色上都各有区别。为了显明高等教育体系在整体上的多样性并促进这样的发展,就很有必要使这些不同之处具有可视度。通过多维全球大学排名能够把不同高校的特色体现出来。该排名从五个维度分析高校的绩效。从地方事务参与与知识转移的维度看,应用科学大学都通常名列前茅。综合大学则在科研领域的排名非常领先。根据这样的排名,一所高校具有的特色,特别是其应用导向性就可以在一个复杂的体系当中也能够被突显出来。文中列举的示例显明,即使同属应用科学大学,每一所应用科学大学也可以有自己的使命和特色。

Universities of applied sciences and universities differ in their aims and profiles. It is neces-sary to make these differences visible to depict the higher education system in its whole variety and tosupport the horizontal differentiation of the higher education system. By means of the international,multi-dimensional university ranking U-Multirank it is possible to illustrate the different profiles andtypes of higher education institutions. In U-Muhirank their performance is analysed in five dimen-sions. Universities of applied sciences especially succeed in the dimensions regional engagement andknowledge transfer, whereas the traditional universities usually score in the dimension research. Con-sequently the illustration of specific profiles and in particular the illustration of application-orientationof higher education institutions is possible. Examples demonstrate that even within the sector of uni-versities of applied sciences there is a diversity of missions.