秸秆还田替代磷钾肥对水稻产量和经济效益的影响

Effects of Straw Returning as Substitution for Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer on Rice Yield and Economic Benefit

[目的]明确秸秆全量还田替代磷钾肥量。[方法]以常规化肥用量为对照,研究秸秆还田替代不同比例磷钾肥对水稻产量和经济效益的影响。[结果]秸秆还田条件下,常规化肥施用水稻产量较秸秆不还田处理降低2.0%。各处理以秸秆还田替代30%磷钾肥处理最高,且通过提高水稻产量构成中的有效穗数和穗粒数来提高水稻产量。经济效益以秸秆还田替代30%磷钾肥处理最高,较常规施肥处理产值增加0.6%,纯收入增加1.2%。[结论]综合水稻产量和经济效益结果,以秸秆还田替代30%磷钾肥处理施用效果最佳。

[ Objective ] To explore phosphorus and potassium fertilizer rate in the condition of straw returning. [ Method ] Effects of straw returning as partial substitution for phosphorus and potassium fertilizer rate on yield and economic benefit of rice were studied. [ Result ] The treatment of straw returning plus application of chemical fertilizer decreased the yield of rice by 2.0% ,compared with no straw returuing. The yield of straw re- turning as 30% substitution for phosphorus and potassium was the highest, which could increase the effective panicle number and grain number per spike. Economic benefit of straw returning as 30% substitution for phosphorus and potassium was the highest,and the output value and net in- come were increased by 0.6% and 1.2% than those of NPK,respectively. I Conclusion] In general,straw returning as 30% substitution for phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was the most significant in this experiment,which could increase the yield and economic benefit of rice.