明代长城地图绘制与《延绥东路地里图本》考

Charting Maps of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty and A Study of YANSUIDONGLU DILITUBEN

明朝构建了规模庞大的长城防御体系,反映这一防御体系的长城地图也绘制甚多。其中各镇定期绘制了大量分路地图,是详细反映各路长城具体情况的地图,台北故宫博物院藏《延绥东路地里图本》孤本是目前所见仅存的单行路级地图。该图绘制于万历前期,采取传统的形象绘法,不仅直观地反映出这一时期延绥镇东路长城防御体系的整体面貌,而且较为准确地绘制出了长城设施位置与空间布局,反映出中国古代地图绘制具有依托当时技术条件,追求科学化的努力。

The defense system based on the Great Wall was established in Ming Dynasty, and a lot of maps of the system were charted during this period. Each garrison post regularly charted the map of respective district showing the details of the Great Wall. The unique copy of YANSUIDONGLU DILITUBEN preserved in Palace Museum in Taipai was the only surviving map that shows the details of one district of the Great Wall. This map was completed in the early era of Wanli, being charted in traditional methods of drawing with vivid images. This map not only shows the general picture of defense system of the east district of Yansui Garrsion Post, but displays the location of facilities and space planning of the Great Wall with much accuracy, and it reveals that the scientific method of charting map carried weight in ancient China.